Patients with TMJ disorders should be evaluated for sleep disorders according to a new article in Sleep. Primary Insomnia was associated with hyperalgesia or an increased pain response. It may also be associated with central senssitazation that is found in migraines, fibromyalgia and TMD and may be a causitive factor in idiopathic pain (pain of unknown orgins)
The NHLBI (National Heart Lung and Blood Institute considers Sleep Apnea to be a TMJ disorder. The paper "Cardiovascular and Sleep Related consequences of TMJ Disorders can be found at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/meetings/workshops/tmj_wksp.pdf
PATIENTS WITH TMJ DISORDERS AND SLEEP PROBLEMS SHOULD BE EVALUATED BY A SLEEP PHYSICIAN! FOR MORE INFORMATION ON SLEEP APNEA, DANGERS AND TREATMENT SEE http://www.ihatecpap.com
MORNING HEADACHES ARE USUALLY THE RESULT OF TMD OR SLEEP APNEA
BRUXISM IS OFTEN A SECONDARY RESULT OF SLEEP APNEA
PubMed abstract is supplied for your convenience.
Sleep. 2009 Jun 1;32(6):779-90.
Sleep disorders and their association with laboratory pain sensitivity in temporomandibular joint disorder.
Smith MT, Wickwire EM, Grace EG, Edwards RR, Buenaver LF, Peterson S, Klick B, Haythornthwaite JA.
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA. msmith62@jhmi.edu
STUDY OBJECTIVES: We characterized sleep disorder rates in temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) and evaluated possible associations between sleep disorders and laboratory measures of pain sensitivity. DESIGN: Research diagnostic examinations were conducted, followed by two consecutive overnight polysomnographic studies with morning and evening assessments of pain threshold. SETTING: Orofacial pain clinic and inpatient sleep research facility. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-three patients meeting research diagnostic criteria for myofascial TMD. INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: We determined sleep disorder diagnostic rates and conducted algometric measures of pressure pain threshold on the masseter and forearm. Heat pain threshold was measured on the forearm; 75% met self-report criteria for sleep bruxism, but only 17% met PSG criteria for active sleep bruxism. Two or more sleep disorders were diagnosed in 43% of patients. Insomnia disorder (36%) and sleep apnea (28.4%) demonstrated the highest frequencies. Primary insomnia (PI) (26%) comprised the largest subcategory of insomnia. Even after controlling for multiple potential confounds, PI was associated with reduced mechanical and thermal pain thresholds at all sites (P < 0.05). Conversely, the respiratory disturbance index was associated with increased mechanical pain thresholds on the forearm (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: High rates of PI and sleep apnea highlight the need to refer TMD patients complaining of sleep disturbance for polysomnographic evaluation. The association of PI and hyperalgesia at a nonorofacial site suggests that PI may be linked with central sensitivity and could play an etiologic role in idiopathic pain disorders. The association between sleep disordered breathing and hypoalgesia requires further study and may provide novel insight into the complex interactions between sleep and pain-regulatory processes.
